0s and 1s

Binary Number System

Hi,

Welcome to another issue of Knowledge bits. In this week’s issue, I will be discussing about Binary Number System. I was not able to research on another field. So, this issue will have just one info section. I will try to keep up with the 2 sections from the next one.

PS I am resending this issue due to a problem in mathematical expressions, and I had also forgotten to add the introduction.

Binary:

Binary is a number system. The number system used by us in the day-to-day life is called decimal system. Deci is a numerical prefix from Latin which means 10. Which is the number of digits in decimal system ranging from 0 to 9. Similarly bi in binary means 2. The two digits in binary system are 0 and 1. As many of you may know, binary is the only ‘language’ i.e., number system understood by the computers. So, any input or instructions given to the computer is converted to binary (also known as machine language) so that it can understand it.

Let us take 9345 as an example. This number can be split and written.

\(9345 = (9 * 1000) + (3 * 100) + (4 * 10) + (5 * 1)\)

\(= (9 * 10^3) + (3 * 10^2) + (4 * 10^1) + (5 * 10^0)\)

Here 9345 is in one’s place, 9345 is in ten’s place, 9345 is in hundredth place, and 9345 is in thousandth place. It can be observed that the number in one’s place is multiplied by 10^0 i.e.,1, that number in the ten’s place is multiplied by 10^1 and so on. That is why this system is called the decimal system (also called base-10).

Similarly, all the digits (0, 1) in binary written in binary system is multiplied by 2 raised to the power of 0, 1, 2 and so on (increasing from right to left). Therefore, it is called base-2.

Let us take an example of 10110.

\(10110 = 1 * (2^4) + 0 * (2^3) + 1 * (2^2) + 1 * (2^1) + 0 * (2^0)\)

\(= (1 * 16) + (0 * 8) + (1 * 4) + (1 * 2) + (0 * 1) \)

\(= 16 + 0 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 23 (in-decimal)\)

This is how we convert binary in decimal. The modern binary number system was invented by German mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in 1679.

Spotlight:

This is Sir Isaac Newton. One of the greatest and most famous physicist and mathematician of all time. He also worked in the fields of optics, astronomy, alchemy, and theology. He was born on 25 December 1642 on 25 December 1642 as premature baby. His father had died three months before his birth. His mother re-married and left newton with his grandmother. He disliked his stepfather. He studied in The King's School and later in University of Cambridge. When the collage was closed due to the Bubonic plague, he worked from his childhood home where he invented calculus at the age of 23. He also discovered that the sunlight is made up of seven colours. After the pandemic, he continued his research. Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, one of the most important books in the history of science was published by Newton. This contained the Laws of motion and gravity. It was a turning point in the history of physics. Even though this was discorded much earlier by him, he did not publish it till 1687. Edmond Halley support and persuasion lead to the publishment of this book. Halley edited and published the book at his own expense. He also served as president of the Royal Society. Newton died in his sleep in London on 20 March 1727

Words of Wisdom:

Imagination is more important than knowledge.

- Albert Einstein

Recommendations:

Books: Watch this video by Ankur Warikoo.

It is a video which contains 15 books mainly in self-help genre which have the potential to change your life. And a giveaway too.

Podcast: Deep Dive with Ali Abdaal.

A great podcast where Ali interviews people from different fields such as authors, businessman and other personalities. It is mainly related to business, productivity, happy life and similar topics.